The National Merit Scholarship Program is one of the most prestigious academic competitions in the United States, offering high-achieving students the opportunity to earn recognition and financial scholarships for college. Each year, approximately 1.5 million students enter the competition by taking the Preliminary SAT/National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test (PSAT/NMSQT).
If you’re a high school student aiming for top scholarships or just curious about how the program works, this guide will break down the key details, including eligibility, selection stages, and the benefits of becoming a National Merit Scholar.
What Is the National Merit Scholarship Program?
The National Merit Scholarship Program is a nationwide academic competition that recognizes and rewards students for exceptional performance on the PSAT/NMSQT. It is administered by the National Merit Scholarship Corporation (NMSC), an independent, not-for-profit organization.
Each year, students progress through different stages of the program, with the highest-scoring students earning scholarships from the NMSC, corporations, and participating colleges.
How Do You Qualify for the National Merit Program?
To participate, students must:
- Take the PSAT/NMSQT in their junior year of high school.
- Be a U.S. citizen or legal resident attending a U.S. high school (or meet alternate entry requirements for students studying abroad).
- Receive a high Selection Index Score (calculated from their PSAT scores) that meets or exceeds the cutoff set by their state.
The Stages of the National Merit Competition
The National Merit Scholarship Program follows a structured selection process. Here’s how it works:
1. Commended Students (Top 3-4%)
- Around 34,000 students receive a Letter of Commendation for scoring among the top students in the nation.
- While Commended Students don’t qualify for National Merit Scholarships, they may still be eligible for scholarships from corporations or colleges.
2. Semifinalists (Top 1%)
- About 16,000 students qualify as National Merit Semifinalists, meaning they are among the top scorers in their state.
- Each state has a unique cutoff score, which varies based on overall test performance.
- Semifinalists can apply to become Finalists by submitting an application that includes:
- A strong academic record
- An essay
- A recommendation from their high school
- SAT or ACT scores that confirm PSAT performance
3. Finalists (Top 0.5%)
- Approximately 15,000 students advance to National Merit Finalist status.
- At this stage, students become eligible for National Merit Scholarships and additional financial aid from partner organizations and universities.
4. National Merit Scholarship Winners
- About 7,500 students receive National Merit Scholarships, which come in three forms:
- National Merit $2,500 Scholarships – One-time awards funded by the NMSC.
- Corporate-Sponsored Scholarships – Awards given by businesses to students who meet specific criteria (e.g., children of employees).
- College-Sponsored Scholarships – Many universities offer significant financial aid, including full-tuition or full-ride scholarships, to National Merit Finalists who select their school as their first choice.
Why the National Merit Program Matters
1. Prestigious Recognition
Being named a National Merit Finalist or Scholar is a prestigious academic honor that can strengthen college applications and resumes.
2. College Scholarships
Many universities offer full-ride or full-tuition scholarships to National Merit Finalists, significantly reducing the cost of college.
3. Competitive Edge in College Admissions
National Merit status is a standout achievement that can help students gain admission to selective colleges.
4. Corporate Scholarship Opportunities
Even if a student does not win an NMSC scholarship, corporate sponsors often provide generous awards to high-achieving students.
How to Prepare for the National Merit Competition
If you’re an ambitious student hoping to qualify for National Merit recognition, follow these steps:
- Take the PSAT/NMSQT seriously – Your junior-year PSAT is the only way to enter the competition.
- Understand your state’s cutoff scores – Since Semifinalist status is determined by state cutoffs, research past trends to estimate a target score.
- Practice for the PSAT – Use official College Board prep materials, take practice tests, and focus on weak areas.
- Do well in school – A strong academic record is required to advance to Finalist status.
- Prepare for the SAT or ACT – Your scores should confirm your PSAT performance.
Final Thoughts
The National Merit Scholarship Program is an incredible opportunity for high-achieving students to gain national recognition and earn significant financial aid for college. While the competition is tough, proper preparation can improve your chances of advancing through the ranks and securing valuable scholarships.